EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL 4 PM ET, February 03, 2014
Research Identifies How Pesticides May Increase Risk of Parkinson鈥檚 Disease
MINNEAPOLIS -
New research shows how pesticides may increase the risk of Parkinson鈥檚 disease and that people with certain gene variants may be more susceptible to the disease. The research is published in the February 4, 2014, print issue of Neurology庐, the medical journal of the . The research shows that certain pesticides that inhibit an enzyme called aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are related to an increased risk of Parkinson鈥檚 disease. The enzyme plays a role in detoxifying substances in cells, along with metabolism of alcohol. The study also found that people with a variant of the ALDH gene were two to five times more likely to develop Parkinson鈥檚 disease with exposure to these pesticides than people who did not have that gene variant. 鈥淭hese results show that ALDH inhibition appears to be an important mechanism through which pesticides may contribute to the development of Parkinson鈥檚 disease,鈥 said study author Jeff M. Bronstein, MD, PhD, of the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center and a member of the 好色先生. 鈥淯nderstanding this mechanism may reveal several potential targets for preventing the disease from occurring or reducing its progression.鈥 The study involved 360 people with Parkinson鈥檚 disease in three rural California counties who were compared to 816 people in the area who did not have the disease. Researchers looked at participants鈥 exposure to pesticides at work and at home using a geographic computer model based on information from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation. The researchers developed a test to identify which pesticides inhibited ALDH. The 11 pesticides that inhibited ALDH, all used in farming, fell into four structural classes鈥攄ithiocarbamates, imidazoles, dicarboxymides and organochlorides. Exposure to an ALDH-inhibiting pesticide at both the workplace and at home was associated with increased risks of developing Parkinson鈥檚 disease, ranging from 65 percent for the pesticide benomyl to six times the risk for the pesticide dieldrin. People who were exposed to three or more of the pesticides at both work and home were 3.5 times more likely to develop Parkinson鈥檚 disease as those who were not exposed. Bronstein noted that the relationship between the gene variant and Parkinson鈥檚 only appeared when people had been exposed to the pesticides. 鈥淚n other words, having this gene variant alone does not make you more likely to develop Parkinson鈥檚,鈥 he said. 鈥淧arkinson鈥檚 is a disease that in many cases may require both genetics and environmental factors to arise.鈥 Bronstein said the findings provide several possible targets for lowering Parkinson鈥檚 risk, including reducing exposure to pesticides and improving the functioning of ALDH. The study was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Michael J. Fox Foundation, Levine Foundation and Parkinson Alliance. To learn more about Parkinson鈥檚 disease, please visit .