Abstract Details

Title Exploring the outcomes and experiences of Black and White athletes following a sport-related concussion: a retrospective cohort study

Topic Health Care Disparities

Presentation(s) P1 - Poster Session 1 (7:00 AM-3:15 PM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 038

Objective Young American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races, however, it is unknown how race influences the experience and outcome of SRC. Our objective was to compare White and Black athletes’ recovery and subjective experiences after SRC.

Background NA

Design/Methods A retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n=211) and Black (n=36) athletes (ages 12-23) treated for SRC between 2012-15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: 1) days to symptom resolution (SR), 2) days to return-to-school, 3) changes in any daily activity (binary), 4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.

Results Black athletes were more often male (78% vs 58%) than White athletes, but both races were similar in age, sport, and medical/family histories. Black athletes more frequently had public insurance (33.3% vs. 5.7%) and lived in areas with low median income (41.2% vs. 26.6%). After adjusting for age, sex, concussion history, insurance status and zip code median income, Black athletes reached asymptomatic status (HR=1.497, 95%CI 1.014-2.209,p=0.042) and returned to school earlier (HR=1.522,95% CI 1.020-2.270,p=0.040). Black athletes were less likely to report a change in a daily activity than White athletes (OR=0.368,95%CI 0.136-0.996, p=0.049). Changes in sports behavior were comparable between groups.

Conclusions Racial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached symptom resolution and return-to-school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.

Authors/Disclosures
Viviana Jimenez, MD PRESENTER	Dr. Jimenez has nothing to disclose.
Aaron Yengo-Kahn, MD (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)	Dr. Yengo-Kahn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BlinkCNS.
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file

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