Our objective is to identify and map all aspects of arbovirus neuroinvasive disease, clarify key concepts, and identify gaps within our knowledge with appropriate future directions related to the improvement of global health.

A scoping review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Hinari.  Original data including epidemiology, risk factors, neurological manifestations, neuro-diagnostics, management, and preventive measures related to neuroinvasive arbovirus infections was obtained. Sources of evidence not reporting on original data, non-English, and not in peer-reviewed journals were removed.  An initial pilot sample of 30 abstracts were reviewed by all authors and a Cohen’s kappa of κ =0.81 (near-perfect agreement) was obtained. Records were manually reviewed by two authors using the Rayyan QCRI software.

Arbovirus infection with neurological manifestations leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for infection include living and traveling in an arbovirus endemic zone, age, pregnancy, and immunosuppressed status. The management of neuroinvasive arbovirus disease is largely supportive and focuses on specific neurological complications. There is a need for therapeutics and currently, management is based on disease prevention and limiting zoonosis.