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Abstract Details

Benefits of Extended Targeted Temperature Management (TTM) in the Management of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus Secondary to anti-NMDAR encephalitis
Epilepsy/Clinical Neurophysiology (EEG)
P2 - Poster Session 2 (5:30 PM-6:30 PM)
6-021
NA
Management of status epilepticus (SE) presents challenges especially in the setting of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE).  Regular antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) including general anesthesia may fail to control seizures. Neurological and general medical complications, including multi-organ failures and AED side effects, may further limit treatment options. In such critical conditions, hypothermia can be used to control SRSE and may protect the brain and other organs. Reasonable extension of induced hypothermia can be safely applied to facilitate the management of appropriately-chosen complicated cases.

19-year-old African American female with seizures was transferred from a psychiatric hospital where she presented with catatonia and behavioral changes. Antiepileptic treatments were initiated for partial SE as identified from clinical seizures and vEEG monitoring. Workup confirmed a diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis related to ovarian teratoma. Subsequently, the patient received ovarian surgeries, immune-modulating treatments (IV steroid, IVIG, plasma exchange, etc.), and cytotoxic drugs. Unfortunately, her SE was refractory to AEDs and general anesthesia. She developed severe multi-organ dysfunction, especially liver failure, which endangered ongoing treatments. When regular options were exhausted, extended-duration TTM with gradual rewarming was utilized for 25 days (15 days of TTM and 10 days of gradual rewarming), during which the patient had no SE and remained seizure-free for 10 days with significantly reduced seizure frequency. Liver function recovered and other systemic dysfunctions resolved. Repeated MRI's during this time did not show any acute seizure related changes. No significant hypothermia-related complications were noted. 

NA
Reasonably extended hypothermia can be safe and effective for temporary seizure control in patients with SRSE secondary to a reversible etiology. Additionally, critical neurological and systemic comorbidities may be present that may also benefit from hypothermia. More clinical observations and studies are needed to assess long-term effects of therapy and to generate standardized practical protocols for such a purpose.

Authors/Disclosures
Ausaf Ahmed, MD (LCRH)
PRESENTER
No disclosure on file
Sharjeel Panjwani, MD (Baystate Health) No disclosure on file
Nicholas Capaldo (Western Reserve Hospital) No disclosure on file
Hongyan Li, MD, PhD, FAAN (University of Toledo Coll of Med & Life Sci - Dept of Neurology) Dr. Li has nothing to disclose.