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Abstract Details

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Presenting as Epilepsia Partialis Continua: An Uncommon Presentation
Aging, Dementia, and Behavioral Neurology
P5 - Poster Session 5 (5:30 PM-6:30 PM)
1-008
Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease (CJD) can cause various neurological or psychiatric symptoms. EEG is an important part of the diagnostic criteria and can present differently based on the stage of the disease. Our case illustrates the importance of considering diagnosis of CJD in patients presenting with neurological decline, abnormal movements and Epilepsia Partialis Continua (EPC) findings on EEG. 

CJD is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by misfolding of the normal prion protein (PrPC) into a pathological conformation (PrPSc). Classical presentations include rapidly progressive dementia with behavioral changes, cerebellar and extrapyramidal features, myoclonus, positive 14-3-3 on CSF, cortical ribboning on MRI, and periodic sharp wave complexes (PSWC) on EEG. However, EEG findings vary depending on the molecular classification and the stage of the disease.

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Case: A 49 year-old gentlemen presented with left upper extremity jerking movements, numbness of the 4th and 5th digits, decreased coordination and difficulty walking. His symptoms later progressed to slowing of speech without cognitive impairment. Neuroimaging showed cortical ribboning in bilateral parietal lobes. EEG showed left hand rhythmic twitches time locked with central-parietal rhythmic discharges suggestive of focal motor seizures/status epilepticus.

EEG is one of the essential ancillary tests used in diagnosis of sCJD. Typical EEG findings include PSWC, which consist of 1 to 2 Hz, biphasic or triphasic waves or complexes with mixed spikes. Although this pattern is reported in two-thirds of the patients, it may not be seen in either early or terminal stages of the disease, which makes diagnosis challenging. EPC has been rarely reported as the initial presentation and should raise suspicion for diagnosis of CJD in a patient presenting with rapidly neurological decline.  
Authors/Disclosures
Shadi Milani, DO
PRESENTER
Dr. Milani has nothing to disclose.
Maryam H. Hosseini, MD Dr. Hosseini has nothing to disclose.