Abstract Details

Title Plasma neurofilament light chain as a promising biomarker in preclinical and prodromal stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Topic Aging, Dementia, and Behavioral Neurology

Presentation(s) P4 - Poster Session 4 (8:00 AM-9:00 AM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 3-005

Objective

To assess quantitative differences in plasma Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels between Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients investigating the role of NfL in preclinical and prodromal phases of AD.

Background One of the greatest challenges in AD is the discovery of new non-invasive, sensitive and specific biomarkers, which might be useful in the early stages like SCD and MCI. NfL, a component of neuronal cytoskeleton, is becoming increasingly notable in different neurological diseases including AD, as a valuable marker of axonal damage.

Design/Methods

We included 20 SCD, 44 MCI and 19 AD patients, who underwent clinical evaluation, neuropsychological assessment, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping and plasma NfL analysis with SiMoA assay. Eleven SCD, 28 MCI, 18 AD patients underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers analysis (Aβ1-42, Aβ1-42/1-40, p-tau, t-tau).

Results NfL levels were not normally distributed; consequently, we applied their logarithmic transformation. NfL levels were correlated with age. LogNfL levels were increased in MCI (1.29±0.19) when compared to SCD patients (1.08±0.15) (p<0.001), but not to AD patients (1.36±0.13) (p=0.49). LogNfL levels were correlated with p-tau (Pearson=0.658, p=0.026) in SCD patients. A correlation was found both with Aβ1-42/1-40 (?=-0.461, p=0.014) and with t-tau (?=0.509, p=0.006) in MCI subgroups. No association with CSF biomarkers was detected in AD patients. Multivariate linear regressions analysis confirmed the differences in LogNfL among groups and the correlations between LogNfL and p-tau and t-tau in SCD and MCI respectively.

Conclusions

Plasma NfL levels were correlated with β-amyloidosis and neurodegeneration biomarkers in MCI group and only with p-tau in the SCD group.
Our results could reflect previous knowledge reporting that plasma NfL levels present a progressive increase starting from the preclinical stages, with the highest values in symptomatic phases.
Plasma NfL levels could represent a promising, non-invasive tool to detect patients at risk of developing AD.

Authors/Disclosures
Giulia Giacomucci, MD PRESENTER	Ms. Giacomucci has nothing to disclose.
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
Salvatore Mazzeo (Policlinico San Donato S.p.A.)	Mr. Mazzeo has nothing to disclose.
	No disclosure on file
	No disclosure on file
Sandro Sorbi	Sandro Sorbi has nothing to disclose.
Benedetta Nacmias	Benedetta Nacmias has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier.

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