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Abstract Details

Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Shiga Toxin Producing E Coli Induced Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in an Adult: A Case Report
Neuro Trauma and Critical Care
P8 - Poster Session 8 (11:45 AM-12:45 PM)
1-004
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Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome(HUS) is a well-known complication of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia Coli(STEC) O101:H4 infection.Typical HUS in adults is infrequent and can be associated with neurological complications in 25-40% of the patients.
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A 57-year-old man presented with three days of nausea/vomiting,mental fogginess, and tremulousness and was found to have hemolytic anemia(hemoglobin 8.6, haptoglobin<8,schistocytes on peripheral smear), thrombocytopenia(platelets 23K) and acute kidney injury(creatinine 8.48,BUN 114,K 5.9).He was started on hemodialysis, treated with 3 cycles of plasmapheresis and steroids followed by Eculizumab for suspected thrombotic microangiopathy.Diagnostic work up revealed positive stool Shiga 2 toxin and normal ADAMST13, suggesting typical HUS.His neurological exam was remarkable for disorientation, inattention, anxiety, agitation, auditory and visual hallucinations, tremor as well as intermittent diffuse myoclonus.VideoEEG showed mild slowing consistent with mild encephalopathy.MRI brain was unremarkable.His neurological symptoms improved after hemodialysis on hospital day(HD) 11, and he was discharged on HD16.Two days after discharge, he returned after having a generalized tonic-clonic seizure without return to baseline.He was intubated and treated with levetiracetam, phenytoin, propofol, and midazolam infusions for possible status epilepticus.After this, his exam was significant for rare clonic movements of bilateral upper extremities, extensor posturing to noxious stimulus, hyperreflexia, sustained clonus, and upgoing toes.VideoEEG showed diffuse attenuated slowing and no epileptiform discharges or seizures.Lumbar puncture revealed WBC 7/μL, RBC 4/μL, glucose 94 mg/dl, protein 40mg/dL.MRI brain and cervical spine were unremarkable.Extensive microbiological work up and autoimmune encephalitis panel were negative.He remained severely encephalopathic and hyperreflexic.Repeat lumbar puncture on HD5 demonstrated WBC 3/μL, RBC 1/μL, protein 88mg/dL, glucose 98mg/dl.His mental status gradually improved and he was extubated on HD14.He had a normal neurological exam on HD27.

We present the clinical course of an adult patient with typical HUS who presented with progressively worsening neurological symptoms despite early treatment with Eculizumab and plasmapheresis, which recovered with supportive care.
Authors/Disclosures
Nefize Turan, MD
PRESENTER
Dr. Turan has nothing to disclose.
Valeria Ariza Hutchinson, MD Dr. Ariza Hutchinson has nothing to disclose.
Steve Bibu, MD (Tufts Medical Center) Dr. Bibu has nothing to disclose.
Deborah M. Green-LaRoche, MD The institution of Dr. Green-LaRoche has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boston Clinical Trials. Dr. Green-LaRoche has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.
Joshua A. Kornbluth, MD (Tufts Medical Center) Dr. Kornbluth has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Tufts Medical Center. Dr. Kornbluth has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for ERI. Dr. Kornbluth has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for CRICO. The institution of Dr. Kornbluth has received research support from Vivonics, Inc.