To characterize the neuropsychological profile of  patients with Neuro Behcet Disease (NBD).

Cognitive disorders  in NBD are increasingly known. These are most often disorders of memory, behavior and executive functions.

This is a retrospective  study of 35 patients with NBD. Each patient received a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing memory (working and episodic verbal and visual memory), language and executive functions.

Cognitive impairment was reported in 11% of patients (n = 4). Isolated antegrade memory disorders without impact on daily life were observed in three patients. The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment  (MCI) made in one of these three patients. A subcortical-type dementia syndrome associating attentional disorders and executive function disorders with an impaired rapid frontal efficiency battery (BREF) was observed in the fourth patient.

Cognitive disorders  remain frequent in NBD which requires early diagnosis and treatment.