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Abstract Details

Acute Autoimmune Encephalitis with Features of Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis (BBE) and Two Abnormal Autoantibodies Presenting with Prominent Cerebellar Abnormality on MRI– a Case Report
Autoimmune Neurology
P2 - Poster Session 2 (9:00 AM-3:00 PM)
046
To present an unusual cerebellar imaging finding of a patient with clinical features of BBE
BBE is characterized by progressive ataxia, ophthalmoplegia and impaired consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is usually normal. However, rare T2 Flair changes have been reported.  Scarcity of cerebellar findings on imaging led to the controversy of peripheral vs central etiology for the ataxia. Despite other modalities including positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular level evidence pointing towards involvement of the cerebellum, MRI is usually unrevealing.

A 62-year-old woman presented with acute onset ataxia with multiple falls, dysarthria, diplopia, and blurred vision that started 3 days prior to presentation. She had left face angioedema couple days after her flu inoculation 6 weeks prior to presentation. Her exam revealed normal mental status, scanning speech, bilateral dysmetria and ataxia as well as left-sided facial palsy, square wave jerks and hyperreflexia. CSF showed 30 RBC, 17 WBC, normal glucose, and elevated protein of 68 mg/dl. No infectious etiologies were identified. MRI brain showed infratentorial leptomeningeal enhancement with T2 hyperintensities in the both cerebellar hemispheres. Anti-GQ1b antibodies were 51 IV (negative < 30 IV) and anti-GAD65 antibodies were also weakly positive only in serum, 0.12 nmol/L (negative < 0.02 nmol/L). 

She was diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis and treated with IV methylprednisolone and IVIG. She rapidly improved clinically, and her imaging findings resolved. 

We demonstrated prominent cerebellar imaging findings and good recovery in a patient with anti-GQ1b and mild anti-GAD65 seropositive autoimmune encephalitis. Our case is the first reported double positive autoimmune encephalitis with features of BBE and direct cerebellar involvement 

Authors/Disclosures
Osman Ozel, MD (Houston Methodist Hospital)
PRESENTER
Dr. Ozel has nothing to disclose.
Eugene C. Lai, MD, PhD, FAAN (Houston Methodist Neurological Institute) Dr. Lai has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.
Maya M. Ramy, MD (.) Miss Ramy has nothing to disclose.
Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN (Houston Methodist Neurological Institute) Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Lilly . The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Houston Methodist Foundation. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Alector. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Aviado-Bio. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Director, Nantz Nal Alzheimer Center with HOUSTON METHODIST NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE.
Christine B. Rizk, MD (Baylor College of Medicine) Dr. Rizk has stock in BOC Ventures XIX, LP (Gecko RObotics). Dr. Rizk has stock in BOC Ventures XXII, LP (x.AI).
Meryim Poursheykhi, MD (Vanderbilt University Medical CEnter) Dr. Poursheykhi has nothing to disclose.
Abdulmunaim Eid, MD Dr. Eid has nothing to disclose.
Sanaa Karim, DO Dr. Karim has nothing to disclose.
Sara Benitez, MD (Houston Methodist Hospital) Dr. Benitez has nothing to disclose.
Belen Pascual, PhD (Houston Methodist Hospital) The institution of Prof. Pascual has received research support from NIH. The institution of Prof. Pascual has received research support from NIH.
Timea M. Hodics, MD (Houston Methodist Hospital) An immediate family member of Dr. Hodics has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of CRG. An immediate family member of Dr. Hodics has stock in Approximately 40 public and private companies . An immediate family member of Dr. Hodics has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.