To characterize clinical and electrographic features of patients with beta-lactam antibiotic-induced neurotoxicity in presence of and without renal impairment (RI). 

EEG findings like periodic discharges, triphasic waves, or status epilepticus have been associated with beta-lactam neurotoxicity in critically ill patients with renal impairment.

Medical records of patients undergoing EEG due to encephalopathy while receiving cefepime, cefazoline and meropenem at the KUMC from 2009-2018 were reviewed. Demographic data, creatinine levels, clinical information, electrographic findings, and AEDs used were obtained. Exclusion criteria included unknown antibiotic start date, no clinical changes after antibiotic onset, worsening unrelated to antibiotics, or mental improvement on antibiotics. Patients were divided into with and without RI. Descriptive statistical methods and Chi-square/Fisher’s exact tests were applied.