To describe a cohort of patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) seen at a tertiary center in the pacific northwest.

MOGAD is a newly described clinical entity comprised of various presentations of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), encephalitis, and seronegative NMOSD. Patients may sustain only one attack or have a relapsing course necessitating immunotherapy for relapse prevention. Prior reports note that MOGAD is more commonly monophasic in children (up to 70%), though 30-80% of children and adults with MOGAD will go on to have relapses and there is no way to predict who is at risk.

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study.

This preliminary sample consisted of 56 patients (20 pediatric, 36 adult) with a diagnosis of MOGAD evaluated at least once at our center between January 2017 and October 2022. Non-Hispanic White (55.4%) and Hispanic (30.4%) comprised the majority of the sample. The median age during index event was 9.27 years in the pediatric subset and 36.1 in the adults. Amongst the whole cohort, the most common presentation at onset was optic neuritis (58.9%) though the majority of pediatric cases presented with (ADEM) (40.0%). The pediatric group had more patients with relapsing disease (70.0%) compared to the adult group (55.6%). Half of relapsing pediatric patients had their first relapse more than a year after the index event with a median time to first relapse of 15.5 months. The median time to first relapse in the adult group was 7.0 months. None of the patients in the pediatric group were started on immunotherapy for relapse prevention prior to the first relapse though a subset of adult patients were (19.4%).

This study is the first to describe the demographic and clinical features of a unique sample of patients with MOGAD evaluated in the pacific northwest.