To identify determinants of Advance Directives (ADs) among community-dwelling stroke survivors.

In this cross-sectional study (Care Attitudes and Preferences in Stroke Survivors [CAPriSS]), community-dwelling stroke survivors were surveyed on ADs; validated scales were used to query palliative care knowledge and attitudes towards life-sustaining treatments. Logistic regression was used to determine variables associated with ADs.

The median age among the 421 participants was 69 years (IQR 58-75 years); 53.7% were male; and 15.0% were Black. Two hundred and fifty-one (59.6%) respondents had ADs. Compared to participants without ADs, participants with ADs had higher Palliative Care Knowledge Scale (PaCKS) scores (median 10 [IQR 5-12] vs. 7 [IQR 0-11], p<0.001), and lower scores on the Attitudes Towards Life-Sustaining Treatments Scale (indicating a more negative attitude towards life-sustaining treatments; median 23 [IQR 18-28] vs. 29 [IQR 24-35], p<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified age (OR 1.62 per 10 year increase, 95% CI 1.30-2.02; p<0.001), prior advance care planning discussion with a physician (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.04-2.86; p=0.034), PaCKS score (OR 1.06 per 1 point increase, 95% CI 1.01-1.12; p=0.018), and Attitudes Towards Life-Sustaining Treatments Scale score (OR 0.91 per 1 point increase, 95% CI 0.88-0.95; p<0.001) as variables independently associated with ADs.

Age, prior advance care planning discussion with a physician, palliative care knowledge, and attitudes towards life-sustaining treatments were independently associated with ADs.