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Abstract Details

Progressive Multiple Cranial Neuropathies as a Manifestation of ICANS Following CAR-T
Autoimmune Neurology
P3 - Poster Session 3 (12:00 PM-1:00 PM)
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To describe a case of delayed onset multiple cranial neuropathies as manifestation of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for multiple myeloma.

While ICANS following CAR-T is a well-reported complication, it classically presents with encephalopathy, headache, aphasia, tremors, seizures, and cerebral edema. Isolated unilateral facial neuropathies secondary to ICANS have been described, but multiple cranial neuropathies have not.
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A 75-year-old male presented with left facial nerve palsy 19 days after initiating CAR-T therapy for multiple myeloma. He developed fever, chills, and rigors 8 days post-CAR-T, which resolved with Tylenol (tocilizumab not administered). Contrasted brain MRI did not show abnormalities and his facial palsy was treated with prednisone 60 mg and Valtrex 1000 mg every 8 hours for 7 days. Left facial palsy persisted despite treatment and progressed to involve bilateral facial nerves and left cranial nerve VI by 31 days post-CAR-T. Specifically, his exam showed impaired abduction of left eye and twitches of orbicularis oculi without other facial movement (House-Brackmann grade VI bilaterally). Another contrasted MRI brain showed mild enhancement of bilateral facial nerves. Extensive serum and CSF testing was unremarkable. Initial treatment with prednisone 60 mg PO was ineffective. This was escalated to methylprednisolone 1 gram IV daily for 1 day, followed by 500 mg IV for 2 days, then a prolonged oral prednisone taper (39 days of therapy total). Concern for the impact of high dose steroids on CAR-T efficacy influenced treatment dose and duration. Anakinra was considered but not given. He had resolution of CN VI palsy at 2.5 months from onset (2 weeks after completed therapy), and moderate improvement of bilateral facial palsy 5.5 months from onset (3.5 months after completed therapy).

ICANS can present with progressive multiple cranial neuropathies and may benefit from treatment with corticosteroids.
Authors/Disclosures
Zachary T. Lazzari, MD
PRESENTER
Dr. Lazzari has nothing to disclose.
Avi Singh Gandh, MD Dr. Gandh has nothing to disclose.
Samir Belagaje, MD, FAAN (Dept of Neurology Emory University) Dr. Belagaje has nothing to disclose.
Spencer Hutto, MD (Emory University: Neurology Residency Program) Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose.