Investigate the prevalence of HIV-related neurological complications among hospitalized patients in the neurology department of the University Hospital in Guinea, and evaluate the prognosis of patients with HIV-related neurological complications after three months of hospitalization.

We performed a retrospective descriptive study spanning six months from April 6, 2021, to September 30, 2021, in the neurology department of University Hospital Ignace Deen. We included all HIV patients with CNS involvement, regardless of the cause, clinical presentation, or viral load. We recorded epidemiological, clinical, Para clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic variables. Data analysis was performed using Epi-Info7.2.2.16.

Out of 308 hospitalizations, we noted 70 cases of CNS involvement in HIV, representing a frequency of 22.7%. The female-to-male ratio was 6:4, with a mean age of 43.15 ± 14.23 years. Type 1 HIV was found in 90% of patients, with 67.1% of cases being newly diagnosed. The most common CNS involvements were cerebral toxoplasmosis (37.1%), stroke (17.1%), and meningoencephalitis (14.3%). In-hospital mortality was 11.4%. After three months, the overall mortality increased to 21.4%.

In conclusion, our study underscores the importance of early HIV diagnosis and access to antiretroviral treatment to prevent or reduce the development of neurological complications with associated morbidity and mortality. Additionally, comprehensive neurological evaluation and management strategies are crucial in improving the prognosis of HIV patients with CNS involvement.