Abstract Details

Title Are Smoking, Caffeine Intake, and Physical Activity Associated with a Decreased Risk of Parkinson’s Disease in Black Women?

Topic Movement Disorders

Presentation(s) P2 - Poster Session 2 (8:00 AM-9:00 AM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 5-008

Objective To examine whether smoking, caffeine intake, and physical activity are associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Black women.

Background Smoking, caffeine intake, and physical activity have consistently been associated with a decreased PD risk in epidemiological studies, but these have predominantly included White individuals. It is unknown whether these findings can be generalized to other populations, such as Black women.

Design/Methods We prospectively followed 58,536 participants of the Black Women’s Health Study for the development of PD (1995-2023). Smoking status (current, past, never smoker), caffeine intake (quartiles of mg/day), and physical activity (quartiles of METs/week) were assessed at baseline. We estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of PD and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for relevant sociodemographic and risk factors. Alternative exposure definitions were considered (pack-years, cups/day, and hours of vigorous activity).

Results We identified 95 women with incident PD over a median follow-up of 26 years. The mean age (standard deviation) at baseline was 39 (11) years, and at PD diagnosis was 66 (10) years. Smoking was associated with a lower PD risk (HR and 95% CI for current vs. never smokers= 0.44; 0.20-0.97). A non-statistically significant dose-response relationship was observed between the number of pack-years smoked and the risk of PD (HR and 95% CI per 10 pack-years= 0.88; 0.72-1.08; p-trend 0.21). In contrast, caffeine intake and physical activity were not associated with the risk of PD.

Conclusions We provide first-time evidence on how smoking, caffeine intake, and physical activity relate to PD risk in Black women. Our findings on smoking are consistent with those previously reported in the literature. Caffeine intake and physical activity did not appear to impact the risk of PD in this population, which may be related to the younger baseline age compared to previously analyzed cohorts.

Authors/Disclosures
Mario H. Flores, MD, PhD (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) PRESENTER	Dr. Flores has nothing to disclose.
Yvette Cozier (Boston University School of Public Health)	Yvette Cozier has nothing to disclose.
Cordelia Russell, MPH	Ms. Russell has nothing to disclose.
Marianna Cortese, MD, PhD (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)	Dr. Cortese has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker at educational event with Roche.
Albert Hung, MD, PhD (Massachusetts General Hospital)	The institution of Dr. Hung has received research support from Parkinson's Foundation. The institution of Dr. Hung has received research support from Rho, Inc..
Michael Schwarzschild, MD, PhD (Massachusetts General Hospital)	The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bial Biotech (indirectly, as a service of the Parkinson Study Group service). The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen (indirectly, as a service of the Parkinson Study Group service). The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB (indirectly, as a service of the Parkinson Study Group service). Dr. Schwarzschild has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Eli Lilly. The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received research support from Parkinson's Foundation. The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received research support from Michael J Fox Foundation. The institution of Dr. Schwarzschild has received research support from Farmer Family Foundation. Dr. Schwarzschild has a non-compensated relationship as a Chair, Executive Committee with the Parkinson Study Group that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.
Kjetil Bjornevik, MD, PhD (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)	The institution of Dr. Bjornevik has received research support from Michael J. Fox Foundation. The institution of Dr. Bjornevik has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Bjornevik has received research support from Department of Defense.
Alberto Ascherio, MD, PhD	Dr. Ascherio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pfizer. Dr. Ascherio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Ascherio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Ascherio has received research support from NIH and US Department of Defense .

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