The average age of patients was 62.88 years, including 6 males (35%) and 11 females (65%). Presenting symptoms included lower extremity pain (28%), weakness (15%), and paresthesias (10%), with an average symptom duration of 9.85 months. MRI was performed in all patients and FDG-PET in 9, revealing masses involving various points of the sciatic nerve. The average tumor length was 8.23 cm. Sciatic nerve biopsy was performed in 65% of patients, with CD20 positivity in all tested cases.

Chemotherapy was the primary treatment for 94% of cases, with 24% undergoing surgical resection. Sciatic nerve sacrifice occurred in only one case. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered in 53%. At last follow-up, 44% of patients improved neurologically, while 31% worsened. Recurrence occurred in 35% of patients, 67% of whom experienced declining neurological function, with a 75% mortality rate in this group. Overall, 76% of patients were alive at last follow-up.

DLBCL involving the sciatic nerve predominantly affects older adults, presenting with various neurological symptoms. Management typically involves chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but recurrence remains common and is associated with a high mortality rate, highlighting the need for further research to improve outcomes.