Abstract Details

Title The Impact of Caffeine Consumption on Migraine: A Systematic Review

Topic Headache

Presentation(s) P1 - Poster Session 1 (8:00 AM-9:00 AM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 15-017

Objective

We aim to comprehensively evaluate the association between caffeine exposure and migraine by integrating observational evidence with Mendelian Randomization (MR) studies.

Background Migraine is a common, disabling neurological disorder affecting over one billion people worldwide, characterized by recurrent unilateral, pulsating headaches lasting 4–72 hours. Caffeine, a widely consumed psychoactive alkaloid found in coffee, tea, and other beverages, is frequently implicated as both a trigger and a treatment for attacks.

Design/Methods A comprehensive search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library till August 2025, to include primary studies on migraine patients exposed to caffeine. We studied association of caffeine (either acute or chronic intake) with the risk of migraine using odds ratios (ORs).

Results Ten studies (7 MR studies and 3 cohorts) were included in our review. MR reflects lifelong genetic liability (population-level, chronic exposure) and shows protective effects with overall OR ranging from 0.53 to 0.71, with stronger associations reported in migraine with aura (ORs as low as 0.37–0.39). Observational cohorts capture short-term, acute effects and show that high or sudden increases (≥3 drinks/day) can trigger attacks in some people (P = 0.024), while habitual moderate use (0–3/4 cups/day) is generally not linked to higher average migraine burden.

Conclusions

Lifelong genetic liability to higher coffee/caffeine intake is associated with a reduced risk of migraine especially for migraine with aura. However, acute large doses or sudden changes in caffeine can trigger attacks in some people. Future studies should use non-overlapping, diverse cohorts and quantify dose- and timing-specific effects.

Authors/Disclosures
Hamdy A. Makhlouf PRESENTER	Mr. Makhlouf has nothing to disclose.
Hamza Khelifa	Mr. Khelifa has nothing to disclose.
Fawaz Alfahmi, MD	Mr. Alfahmi has nothing to disclose.
Nada Abdelmohsen, PT	Ms. Abdelmohsen has nothing to disclose.
Mahmoud Y. ElArabawy, Jr., MD	Dr. ElArabawy has nothing to disclose.
Sohail F. Batarseh (Jordan University Of science and Technology)	Mr. Batarseh has nothing to disclose.
Anas Mansour, MD	Dr. Mansour has nothing to disclose.
Yasein Fadel F. Abdellatif, Biologists	Dr. Abdellatif has nothing to disclose.

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