Abstract Details

Title Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is Associated With Substantial Mortality Burden: A U.S. Claims-based Study of Individuals Hospitalized With GBS

Topic Neuro Trauma and Critical Care

Presentation(s) P3 - Poster Session 3 (5:00 PM-6:00 PM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 19-003

Objective Characterize the real-world, 12-month all-cause mortality among individuals with GBS requiring hospitalization in the United States.

Background GBS is associated with a substantial mortality burden, occurring not only during initial hospitalization but also for years afterward. Real-world data quantifying this burden remain limited.

Design/Methods This study used a claims database of the commercially insured (“Commercial”) and Medicare FFS 5% Standard Analytic Files (“Medicare”) covering 2017–2023. Eligible patients were required to have GBS diagnosed (ICD-10-CM G61.0), be hospitalized for ≥3 days, and have either a neurological test or treatment (immunoglobulin and/or plasmapheresis) on an inpatient claim. Annual incidence rates were estimated and projected to the 2025 US populations aged ≥65 and <65 years. Mortality rates during the 12 months post-GBS diagnosis were reported.

Results Of the estimated 8,039 [95% CI: 7,734–8,364] GBS cases annually, about 1/3 were aged ≥65. The all-age annual incidence rate was 2.39 [2.28–2.47] per 100,000 persons. The incidence rate was 2-fold higher in age ≥65 (4.17 [3.71–4.60]) compared to <65 (1.97 [1.91–2.03]). During index-hospitalization, which lasted mean (SD) 13.3 (11.4) days in Medicare (n=364) and 12.4 days (14.2) in Commercial (n=1,933), 34.9% of Medicare and 28.0% of Commercial received ICU care. The mortality rates during the 12 month-period post-GBS diagnosis including index-hospitalization were 24.0% [19.5–28.6] in Medicare and 5.3% [4.6–5.9] in Commercial. These rates are over 10-fold higher than the annual mortality for a 70-year-old (mean Medicare age), and 16-fold higher for a 45-year-old (mean Commercial age).

Conclusions Although GBS is typically regarded as a monophasic illness with a generally favorable prognosis, our findings highlight a significant risk of mortality within the first year following diagnosis, extending beyond the acute hospitalization period. These observations imply that there is an urgent need for more effective acute-stage treatments that can mitigate long-term GBS-associated morbidity and mortality.

Authors/Disclosures
Myoung Kim, PhD PRESENTER	Ms. Kim has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Annexon Biosciences.
Shailja Vaghela, MS, MBA, MPH	Miss Vaghela has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon Biosciences.
Michael V. Murphy	Mr. Murphy has nothing to disclose.
Beni Turner	Mrs. Turner has nothing to disclose.
Sarah C. Katsandres, MPH	Ms. Katsandres has nothing to disclose.
Elizabeth Brouwer, PhD	Ms. Brouwer has nothing to disclose.
Jeffrey A. Allen, MD (University of Minnesota)	Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson.

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