A two-phase mixed methods study guided by the ICF. In phase 1, we conducted a scoping review of grey literature from third-sector reports, following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, reported using PRISMA-ScR, and charted data against the ICF. In phase 2, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 staff from four UK organisations. We analysed data using the Framework method, combining deductive ICF-based and inductive coding. Findings were integrated using a convergent approach and joint display to identify complementarity, convergence, divergence, and silence.

Third-sector organisations described extensive unmet needs across functional, social, and environmental domains during the pandemic. Our study identified important gaps related to carers' perspectives, rare neurological conditions, and inequalities that future research and policy should address to build resilience in future crises.